Rheumatoid Arthritis Awareness Day: According to the expert, the condition targets joints causing chronic pain. However, the condition can be managed with the help of a few lifestyle changes

New Delhi: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition that affects joints largely.
On the occasion of Rheumatoid arthritis awareness day, Dr Anup Khatri, senior Consultant- Orthopedics, Glenegales Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, shared that altering lifestyle can help patients manage this condition.
As per the expert, other than joints, if the condition leads to uncontrolled inflammation, patients can experience joint deformities and the erosion of bones over time. Individuals with RA may experience flares, marked by significant symptoms, alternating with periods of remission, during which symptoms subside.

However there are a few lifestyle measures that prevent joint erosion.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: 5 lifestyle changes to prevent joint damage
1. Balanced Diet: Maintaining a diet rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and anti-inflammatory foods can help prevent joint cartilage from Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish in your diet while limiting processed foods and saturated fats.
2. Regular Exercise: Dr Khatri said, "Engaging in regular physical activity helps maintain joint function and reduces the risk of RA."

Incorporate low-impact exercises like walking, swimming, or yoga to enhance flexibility and strengthen muscles around the joints. Exercise also helps control body weight, which is crucial for joint health.
3. Stress Management: He added that chronic stress may worsen or trigger to the development of RA. Practicing stress-reduction techniques, such as meditation, deep breathing, or mindfulness, can positively impact the immune system and reduce inflammation, potentially lowering the risk of developing autoimmune conditions.
4. Adequate Sleep: Prioritise good sleep hygiene to support overall health and reduce inflammation.
"Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night.
Establish a consistent sleep schedule, create a comfortable sleep environment, and avoid stimulants like caffeine close to bedtime," the expert opined.

5. Avoiding Smoking and Limiting Alcohol:
Smoking is a known risk factor for RA, and excessive alcohol consumption can also contribute to inflammation. Quitting smoking and moderating alcohol intake can significantly reduce the risk of developing RA and improve overall health.
By adopting these lifestyle changes, individuals can create a foundation for joint health, mitigate inflammation, and potentially lower the risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
However, it's essential to consult with healthcare professionals for personalised advice and early detection strategies so that Joint and tissues damage can be prevented.

Treating hyperthyroidism may contribute to improvements in liver function. According to the expert, by effectively managing hyperthyroidism through medication or other interventions, it is possible to alleviate some of the strain on the liver and potentially reverse certain hepatic abnormalities associated with this condition.

New Delhi: Hyperthyroidism and liver dysfunction are two distinct medical conditions that can often coexist, leading to complex health implications.
While hyperthyroidism is characterised by an overactive thyroid gland producing an excess of thyroid hormones, liver dysfunction encompasses a range of conditions affecting the liver's ability to function properly. According to studies, there is a potential link between hyperthyroidism and liver dysfunction, suggesting that the increased metabolic rate associated with hyperthyroidism may impact liver function.
Dr Ameet Mandot, HOD - Clinical lead Adult Hepatology and Liver transplant, gleneagles hospital Parel Mumbai, said, "Treating hyperthyroidism may contribute to improvements in liver function.
By effectively managing hyperthyroidism through medication or other interventions, it is possible to alleviate some of the strain on the liver and potentially reverse certain hepatic abnormalities associated with this condition."

Hypothyroidism and liver health are more intertwined
When the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough hormone, it can lead to a slowing of bodily functions, including liver function. This can result in reduced bile flow, leading to complications such as gallstones and a condition known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Hypothyroidism can also increase cholesterol levels, impacting the liver's ability to process fats effectively.
He added, "Hypothyroidism may contribute to insulin resistance and promote inflammation in the liver. This can eventually lead to a condition called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterised by liver inflammation and damage."

Individuals with hypothyroidism need to be mindful of their liver health and work closely with the expert to monitor potential liver-related complications stemming from their thyroid condition. So, by addressing both hypothyroidism and its impact on the liver, individuals can take proactive steps toward managing their overall health more effectively.

Tips to manage thyroid and liver health
Taking care of your thyroid and liver health is essential for overall well-being. These two organs play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and detoxification processes in the body.
To manage thyroid health, eating iodine-rich t foods such as dairy products and limiting the intake of processed foods and refined sugars is important. Incorporating regular physical activity into your routine can help support thyroid function.
When it comes to liver health, focusing on a nutrient-dense diet rich in antioxidants from fruits and vegetables is key. Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption and minimizing exposure to environmental toxins can also aid in maintaining a healthy liver by prioritising these strategies for both thyroid and liver health.

Thyroid disorders can indirectly impact the heart by influencing risk factors such as cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and inflammation. It's crucial to recognise these connections for comprehensive heart health management

New Delhi: The thyroid, a small butterfly-shaped gland in the neck, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism by producing hormones. Dr Sameer V Pagad, Senior consultant Interventional
Cardiologist, Gleneagles Hospital Parel, "Imbalances in thyroid function can have profound effects on various bodily systems, including the cardiovascular system."
He said, "Thyroid hormones influence heart rate, rhythm, and overall cardiovascular function. Both hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can disrupt this delicate balance. In hypothyroidism, there's a reduction in hormone levels, leading to a slowed heart rate and potential cholesterol elevation.
Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, can cause a rapid heartbeat and increased blood pressure."

Can thyroid increase the risk of heart attack?
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Dr Pagad explained, "Yes, thyroid dysfunction can elevate the risk of cardiovascular issues, including heart attacks. Hypothyroidism can contribute to atherosclerosis, a condition where arteries narrow due to the buildup of fatty deposits.
Hyperthyroidism, by contrast, may lead to conditions like atrial fibrillation, increasing the risk of stroke and heart failure."
Furthermore, thyroid disorders can indirectly impact the heart by influencing risk factors such as cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and inflammation. It's crucial to recognise these connections for comprehensive heart health management.
How to manage the condition?
a. Medication Adherence: For individuals diagnosed with thyroid disorders, consistent use of prescribed medications to regulate hormone levels is essential. This helps stabilize thyroid function and alleviate associated cardiovascular risks.

b. Regular Monitoring: Routine check-ups and thyroid function tests are crucial to assess hormone levels and adjust medication dosage as needed. Monitoring helps prevent complications and ensures optimal heart health.
c. Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle can significantly mitigate risks.
This includes maintaining a balanced diet, rich in nutrients essential for thyroid function, regular exercise to promote cardiovascular health, and stress management techniques.
d. Collaborative Care: Establishing a partnership with healthcare professionals, including endocrinologists and cardiologists, ensures comprehensive and coordinated care. This collaboration allows for a holistic approach, addressing both thyroid and heart health.
e. Patient Education: Empowering individuals with thyroid conditions through education about their condition and its impact on heart health is crucial. Understanding symptoms, adhering to prescribed treatments, and recognising the importance of lifestyle factors are key components of effective management.

In conclusion, acknowledging the intricate link between thyroid health and the heart is pivotal for a proactive and informed approach to overall well-being. Through diligent management, collaboration with healthcare providers, and lifestyle adjustments, individuals can navigate thyroid troubles while safeguarding their heart health.

According to a doctor, when you fail to measure blood pressure correctly, it can be hard for you to get the correct diagnosis and, thereby, the proper medication.

Blood Pressure Monitoring

Hypertension or high blood pressure is common these days, affecting people in their 30s and 40s, besides the elderly. In the presence of stress and sedentary lifestyle, and the absence of exercise, high blood pressure has permeated lives. It is, therefore, important to accurately measure and monitor blood pressure, in order to control it and improve the quality of life. Scroll down to find out more.

Cardiovascular Diseases

Lately, many people have succumbed to cardiovascular diseases, and over half of heart disease and stroke deaths are linked to high blood pressure, says Dr Sameer V Pagad, senior consultant interventional cardiologist, Gleneagles Hospitals Parel. He adds that maintaining a normal blood pressure reading can be helpful. Having high blood pressure can lead to a heart attack, kidney failure, brain hemorrhage, or even dementia, he warns.

What Is Hypertension Or High Blood Pressure?

According to the doctor, hypertension occurs when the body's blood vessels have 'constantly high pressure' and the 'force of blood' is increased against the 'wall of arteries'. "The higher the pressure, the harder it is for the heart to pump blood. A normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg; high blood pressure is over 135/80 mm Hg," he states, adding that if one fails to control their stress levels, they may suffer from hypertension issues.

Measuring Blood Pressure

Why is it important to measure blood pressure accurately? Dr Sameer explains that when you fail to measure blood pressure correctly, it can be hard for you to get the correct diagnosis and, thereby, the proper medication. "Even the slightest change in the blood pressure levels [warrant a visit] to a doctor. Monitoring blood pressure on a regular basis will help you take charge of your health and tackle any issues related to high blood pressure.

Where Can You Get Blood Pressure Measured?

You can get it checked at the doctor’s clinic, or at home with the help of a blood pressure machine that is readily available.

Factors That Lead To Wrong Readings

Sometimes, one may feel anxious just before a reading, or even stressed. This is called 'white coat syndrome'. According to the doctor, it happens when the blood pressure is checked at the clinic, and the patient panics.

Things To Follow During BP Reading

Maintain the correct posture. Rest your arm on a table at the level of the blood pressure machine. Place the measuring cuff correctly. It should be noted that the BP may be higher if you eat, smoke, drink alcohol or consume caffeine 3- 45 minutes prior.

Other Important Things To Know

According to the doctor, it is important to empty the bladder and sit in a comfortable position 2-3 minutes prior to taking the readings. "Do not cross your legs. Avoid talking or moving while checking your blood pressure, and remember that the cuff should be placed on the skin and not over clothing to get accurate readings," he concludes.

World Malaria Day 2024: Malaria can be fatal if not tackled at right time. Watch out for these signs to manage symptoms of malaria and improve quality of life.

Plasmodium parasite is the cause of malaria and is transmitted by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito and the signs and symptoms of malaria can range from mild to severe. Hence, it will be imperative for one to consult the doctor without any delay and get an appropriate treatment.

In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Manjusha Agarwal, Senior Consultant Internal Medicine at Gleneagles Hospitals in Parel Mumbai, revealed 10 symptoms of malaria that you shouldn’t ignore.

1. High fever and sweating: Though high fever can also be an indication of any other disease or a condition, it is commonly seen in those with malaria too. In case, you have a high fever then visit the treating doctor who would recommend you some tests to confirm the diagnosis of malaria.

2. Chills: Having chills? Well, it could be malaria. It is better to pay attention to your symptoms.

3. Muscle aches and headaches: This is also a common occurrence in those having malaria.

4. Fatigue: Are you constantly feeling fatigued? Unable to do your daily chores with ease? Then, it is the right time to consult the doctor. Extreme fatigue can mean malaria.

5. Nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting: These are the symptoms that accompany a plethora of health problems, and malaria too. Nausea is experiencing an urge to vomit, while vomiting means throwing up food through your mouth.

6. Cough: Have you coughing lately? Finding it difficult to carry on with your daily chores with ease due to coughing? Feeling embarrassed due to that abrupt episode of coughing? It can be malaria.

7. Rapid breathing: This is also one of the underrated symptoms of malaria.

8. Abdominal pain: If there is excruciating stomach pain then it could be malaria. Get an exact diagnosis and treatment to manage the disease without compromising your health.

9. Bloody urine: Well, apart from urinary tract infections (UTIs), this could also be a symptom of malaria.

10. Back pain: Is that back pain stealing your peace of mind? Beware, it can be malaria.

Bringing his expertise to the same, Dr Subrata Das, HOD, Internal Medicine and Diabetology at Sakra World Hospital, highlighted that the vector-borne diseases like malaria are prevalent in India, contributing to nearly 17% of all infectious disease cases globally and as a result, it is imperative to identify the following warning signs associated with these illnesses -

1. The most typical symptom is fever and chills, which frequently follow a cyclical pattern.

2. Recurrent symptoms include pain behind the eyes, intolerance to light, and persistent headaches.

3. There may be a decrease in appetite that results in weariness, extreme exhaustion, or a loss of vitality.

4. Rashes can appear on some people.

5. Severe instances may present with gastrointestinal symptoms such nausea and vomiting in addition to jaundice-like features.

6. The degeneration of red blood cells is a cause of anaemia in vector-borne illnesses like malaria.

7. Symptoms of a neurological illness may include confusion, delirium, or convulsions.

8. Respiratory issues such as shortness of breath and coughing may persist because our lungs are compromised.

9. Weakness causes sore muscles, joints, and general muscles.

10. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck and groin area.

Malaria can be fatal if not tackled at the right time, timely treatment is key to managing the symptoms of malaria and improving one’s quality of life. Stay vigilant when it comes to your health.

World Liver Day 2024: If you suffer from a serious liver condition such as liver cirrhosis or liver cancer, a liver transplant could be a life-saving solution. Dr Gaurav Chaubal (Director of the Liver, Pancreas, Intestine Transplant Program, and HPB Surgery, Gleneagles Hospitals, Parel, Mumbai) explains when and who should consider a liver transplant.

The liver is a crucial organ in your body, playing a vital role in overall functioning. It helps eliminate toxins, keeps the blood clean, and protects and maintains your body's health. The liver produces bile, which aids digestion and breaks down fats, facilitating the absorption of fats and nutrients. It's also the storage site for vitamins and minerals, helping to balance blood sugar levels through nutrient storage and release. However, when the liver fails to function properly, a liver transplant may become necessary.

What is a liver transplant? A liver transplant is a major surgical procedure performed when the liver fails. It involves replacing the recipient's damaged liver with a healthy liver from a donor. There are various types of liver transplants, including:

• Living donor liver transplantation
• Paediatric liver transplantation

The rise of drug-resistant superbugs is a pressing issue that can potentially eclipse the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Here's all you need to know

As Covid-19 curve flattens, experts warn about the worrisome spike in drug-resistant superbugs that pose a greater risk that coronavirus and cause negative health outcomes as the bacteria is evolving and becoming resistant to existing antibiotics. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified this antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as one of the biggest global health threats facing humanity and Prof Dame Sally Davies, England’s former chief medical officer, who is now the UK’s special envoy on antimicrobial resistance, too warned of the consequences if the world fails to tackle the problem within the next decade.

Having lost her goddaughter two years ago to an infection that could not be treated, Prof Dame Sally Davies cautioned, “It looks like a lot of people with untreatable infections, and we would have to move to isolating people who were untreatable in order not to infect their families and communities. So it’s a really disastrous picture. It would make some of Covid look minor. If we haven’t made good strides in the next 10 years, then I’m really scared.”

In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Sachin Kumar, Senior Consultant, Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine at Sakra World Hospital, explained, “AMR or antimicrobial resistance happens when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites evolve to resist medications meant to fight them. This makes infections harder to treat, raising the risk of severe illness, death, and spreading infections. AMR is a major threat, weakening the power of antibiotics and other drugs, leading to longer illnesses, higher medical expenses, and more deaths. If not dealt with, AMR could make previously treatable infections untreatable, causing a worldwide health emergency.”

He elaborated, “Additionally, AMR affects not only individuals but also disrupts the environmental food chain, potentially causing the death of various organisms. Failing to address AMR could lead to untreatable infections, requiring isolation measures to curb further spread. This situation would pose a significant challenge, potentially surpassing the difficulties encountered during the Covid-19 pandemic. It's crucial to refrain from unnecessary medication without proper consultation, as AMR can have carcinogenic effects and affect respiratory health. Unlike Covid-19, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) won't fade away as people develop immunity from exposure or vaccines. AMR will persist for many years without stopping. With viruses, they often fade away as more people become immune but AMR doesn't work that way.”

The emergence of drug-resistant superbugs poses significant challenges to achieving herd immunity. Dr Sachin Kumar revealed, “First, their resistance to antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of vaccines, commonly used to treat secondary infections linked to vaccine-preventable diseases. This undermines the ability of vaccination to confer immunity, resulting in more severe illness in affected individuals. Secondly, drug-resistant superbugs contribute to disease transmission by causing severe and prolonged infections, making it harder to establish and maintain herd immunity in communities. Furthermore, the presence of these superbugs may compromise standard infection control measures like hand hygiene and quarantine protocols, crucial for managing outbreaks and safeguarding herd immunity.”

He alerted, “Moreover, vulnerable populations, including older adults and those with weakened immune systems, are disproportionately affected by drug-resistant superbugs, exacerbating the challenges in maintaining herd immunity. Their diminished capacity to generate a robust immune response adds complexity to efforts aimed at controlling the spread of infectious diseases. In conclusion, the rise of drug-resistant superbugs presents a substantial barrier to achieving and maintaining herd immunity, highlighting the need for comprehensive strategies to tackle this urgent public health issue.”

Dr Manjusha Agarwal, Senior Consultant Internal Medicine at Gleneagles Hospitals in Mumbai's Parel, shared, “Some infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites can not be managed with the available medicines in the country. Unlike viruses, bacterial infections, the infections caused by these superbugs are challenging to treat owing to antibiotic resistance. This will further increase the burden on the healthcare system in the future.”

She added, “The higher prevalence of drug-resistant superbugs arises because of the factors such as the overuse and misuse of antibiotics by people without the doctor's knowledge. Moreover, in future, there will be a huge problem in treating even common infections and this will impact one's overall well-being. One has to exercise caution will using antibiotics. It is better to discuss this with the doctor and ensure you don't overuse medication or self-medicate.”

Echoing that the rise of drug-resistant superbugs is a pressing issue that could potentially eclipse the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, Praveen Sikri, CEO at Ikris Pharma Network, concluded, “These formidable bacteria, resistant to multiple antibiotics, threaten to undermine decades of medical advancements. If left unchecked, common infections could become untreatable, leading to higher mortality rates and overwhelming healthcare systems globally. There should be more focus on innovation in antibiotic research and development is more crucial than ever. The lawmakers should be dedicated to investing in new treatments, promoting responsible antibiotic use, and collaborating with global health organisations to combat this emerging threat. Together, we can prevent a future where superbugs pose an even greater crisis than the recent pandemic.”

Fatty liver alert: These are the body parts where swelling may occur during liver cirrhosis and indicate severe disease.

Fatty liver disease is a commonly seen problem that can impact one’s quality of life. Did you know? Fatty liver can develop into liver cirrhosis and cause irreversible liver damage.

In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Alisha Chaubal, Senior Consultant – Hepatology and Liver Transplant at Gleneagles Hospitals in Parel Mumbai, explained, “Fatty liver disease happens when there is an excessive buildup of fat in your liver. It is a common occurrence in adults due to over-consumption of alcohol (Alcohol-induced fatty liver disease) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease owing to a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and diabetes.”

She elaborated, “Initially, this condition will not cause any major health problems and is easily manageable with the help of expert advice. However, as the disease advances, the liver undergoes serious trouble. It tends to get inflamed, and damaged as the healthy tissues are replaced by scar tissue impacting the functions of the liver. When there is complete damage and scarring of the liver, one is known to have liver cirrhosis, liver failure, or liver cancer.”

Fatty liver also happens in alcoholic patients and is often referred to as AFLD (Alcohol-induced fatty liver disease). It even progresses to severe forms, MASH (Metabolism associated steatohepatitis, inflammation of fatty liver) or cirrhosis of the liver inducing liver damage, and inviting swelling in different parts or even jaundice.

According to Dr Alisha Chaubal, following are the body parts where swelling may occur during liver cirrhosis

1. Swelling in the legs and ankles (edema) occurs due to increased pressure from portal hypertension caused by liver damage associated with fatty liver disease. This pressure buildup leads to fluid accumulation in the surrounding tissues, resulting in swelling.
2. Abdomen (Ascites): The potent signs of advanced liver disease are ascites (meaning the build-up of fluid within the abdominal cavity). Liver inflammation and scarring cause high pressure in the blood vessels within the liver which is portal hypertension. This increased pressure can cause fluid to leak from the liver's blood vessels into the abdominal cavity of the person and he/she may get abdominal swelling and discomfort. It is always necessary to check this fluid to rule out other causes of ascites like tuberculosis, and cancer.
3. Feet swelling: Apart from swelling in the legs and ankles, there can be Edema in the feet when one has a severe level of fatty liver disease.
4. Facial puffiness and hand swelling can occur in severe disease.

Dr Alisha Chaubal shared, “When it comes to males, severe fatty liver disease can cause gynecomastia, a condition causing breast tissue enlargement. This condition happens due to hormonal imbalances because of liver dysfunction and is related to the loss of sexual desire and infertility. Swelling in these body parts can point to severe liver disease, these signs can mimic other health problems.”

She advised, “Getting a confirmed diagnosis and then initiating an appropriate treatment will be life-altering. A thorough evaluation including blood tests, CT scan, and MRI can help you to know the exact cause of swelling in the body. Making lifestyle changes like following a nutritious diet, staying active through regular exercise, and abstaining from alcohol can aid in managing fatty liver disease and mitigating its potentially severe outcomes.”

In recent years, Mumbai has witnessed an alarming increase in the number of teenagers diagnosed with prediabetes. This concerning trend highlights the urgent need for awareness and proactive measures to combat this burgeoning health issue. Prediabetes, a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be classified as diabetes, serves as a critical warning sign. Without intervention, it can progress to type 2 diabetes, leading to serious health complications. Let’s delve into the factors contributing to this rise and explore steps to mitigate this growing problem.

The Rising Tide of Prediabetes Among Teens

Mumbai, a bustling metropolis, is seeing a surge in prediabetes cases among its youth. This increase is primarily attributed to lifestyle changes, urbanization, and dietary habits that have shifted significantly over the past decade. Teenagers today are more sedentary, with increased screen time and reduced physical activity. Additionally, the easy availability of junk food and sugary beverages has led to poor dietary choices, contributing to weight gain and insulin resistance.

Key Contributing Factors

1. Sedentary Lifestyle: The advent of technology has revolutionized entertainment, but it has also reduced physical activity. Teens spend considerable time on smartphones, tablets, and computers, leading to a sedentary lifestyle that fosters weight gain and metabolic issues.
2. Unhealthy Diet: Fast food, sugary snacks, and beverages have become staples in the diets of many teenagers. High-calorie, low-nutrient foods contribute significantly to the development of prediabetes by causing rapid spikes in blood sugar levels.
3. Lack of Physical Activity: With academic pressures and a preference for digital entertainment, physical activity has taken a backseat. Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels and overall well-being.
4. Genetic Predisposition: A family history of diabetes increases the risk of developing prediabetes. Genetic factors combined with an unhealthy lifestyle can accelerate the onset of this condition.

The Importance of Early Detection

Early detection of prediabetes is vital to prevent its progression to type 2 diabetes. Regular health check-ups, including blood sugar tests, can help identify at-risk individuals. Parents and caregivers should be vigilant about their children’s health and seek medical advice if they notice symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, or unexplained weight loss.

Steps to Combat Prediabetes

1. Promote a Healthy Diet: Encourage teens to consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Reducing the intake of sugary drinks and processed foods is crucial.
2. Increase Physical Activity: Encourage regular exercise, such as walking, cycling, swimming, or team sports. Aim for at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily.
3. Limit Screen Time: Set limits on screen time to ensure that teens engage in physical activities and reduce sedentary behavior.
4. Educate on Healthy Habits: Awareness campaigns in schools and communities can educate teenagers about the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle to prevent prediabetes.
5. Regular Health Check-ups: Routine medical check-ups can help monitor blood sugar levels and detect any abnormalities early on. Early intervention can prevent the progression of prediabetes.
6. Supportive Environment: Create a supportive environment at home and in schools that promotes healthy eating and active living. Encourage family activities that involve physical exercise.

Conclusion

The sharp rise in prediabetes among Mumbai teens is a wake-up call for parents, educators, and healthcare providers. By addressing the root causes and promoting healthy lifestyle choices, we can curb this trend and ensure a healthier future for our youth. Early detection, combined with lifestyle modifications, can make a significant difference in preventing the onset of type 2 diabetes. It is imperative to take proactive steps now to safeguard the health of the next generation.

Liver Disease: The liver is responsible for digesting food and producing bile in the body. It aids digestion through bile. However, if there are issues with liver function or abnormal symptoms appear, seek treatment promptly. Dr. Amit Mandot, Clinical Lead of Adult Hepatology and Liver Transplant at Gleneagles Hospital, provides information on this matter.

Excessive Alcohol Consumption and Fatty Diets? Stop Now...

Liver failure disrupts digestion, leading to various stomach ailments. The liver helps the body fight infections, remove toxins, regulate blood sugar, store carbohydrates, and produce proteins. It detoxifies the entire body. When the liver's function is hindered or damaged, it can lead to inflammation, scarring, and cirrhosis. In severe cases, liver transplantation may be necessary. Excessive alcohol consumption, fatty diets, and viral infections like hepatitis can damage the liver.

What Are the Symptoms?

• Fatigue: If you feel physically exhausted while performing daily activities or working, seek medical advice and get yourself checked.
• Nausea: This usually occurs due to the accumulation of toxins in the bloodstream, as the liver's ability to expel these toxins diminishes.
• Pale Stools: This could be a bile-related issue.
• Yellow Skin or Eyes (Jaundice): This is a major symptom of liver problems, often accompanied by itchy skin, causing discomfort.
• Bruising: This may be due to the liver's reduced ability to produce clotting factors.
• Red Palms: A concern for those with liver cirrhosis.
• Dark Urine: This indicates an excess of bilirubin in the liver.
• Ascites: Swelling of the abdomen due to fluid retention, and swelling in the legs and ankles due to fluid accumulation.
• Sleep Disturbances: People with liver cirrhosis often face sleep issues, including insomnia.
• Spider Angiomas: Spider-like blood vessels under the skin on the face and legs can indicate liver disease. Timely diagnosis and treatment can lead to recovery.

Stop Excessive Alcohol Consumption Now!

A crucial tip for maintaining liver health is to limit alcohol intake. Excessive drinking can cause inflammation, scarring, and liver cirrhosis. To avoid alcohol addiction and keep your liver healthy, it is advised to limit consumption. Obesity is linked to fatty liver disease, which can worsen if not controlled. A balanced diet and regular exercise help prevent liver problems. Drinking enough water aids in expelling toxins from the body and aids digestion.

(Note: The above information is intended for readers' awareness. ABP Majha does not make any claims based on this content)