BMT involves the replacement of diseased or damaged bone marrow with healthy stem cells, either from a donor (allogeneic) or from the patient themselves (autologous). In pediatric hematology, BMT offers a chance for a cure or long-term disease management for conditions like leukemia, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia.

While BMT can be life-saving, it carries risks such as infections, graft-versus-host disease (in allogeneic transplants), organ damage, and complications related to conditioning therapy. However, advancements in technology and medical expertise have significantly reduced these risks over the years.

Pediatric hematology focuses specifically on blood disorders and cancers affecting children, whose treatment often requires a multidisciplinary approach considering their unique physiological and emotional needs. Similarly, pediatric BMT involves specialized protocols tailored to the pediatric population, ensuring optimal outcomes while minimizing long-term effects on growth and development.

Pediatric hematology and BMT centers provide comprehensive supportive care services, including psychosocial support, pain management, nutritional counseling, and educational resources for patients and their families. These services aim to enhance the overall well-being and quality of life throughout the treatment journey.